What is the first action to take when approaching an unresponsive patient?

When approaching an unresponsive patient, the critical initial action is to check for responsiveness. This step is vital because it helps to assess the patient's condition and determine whether they are in need of immediate medical assistance. By checking for responsiveness, you are assessing whether the patient can react to verbal or physical stimuli, which guides your subsequent actions.

If the patient does not respond, this indicates a serious situation requiring urgent care, and you can then proceed to activate emergency services. Checking for breathing might also be necessary, but first determining if the patient is unresponsive sets the stage for all further interventions.

Performing chest compressions is essential in cases of cardiac arrest, but it is not the priority before determining the patient's responsiveness and activating emergency services if needed. Therefore, the correct initial approach is to confirm responsiveness to ensure appropriate steps are taken in managing the unresponsive individual.