What is the first action you should take if a patient suddenly collapses and cannot catch their breath?

In an emergency situation where a patient suddenly collapses and is unable to breathe, the first action to take is to perform the shout-tap-shout sequence. This involves attempting to gain the patient's attention by shouting and tapping their shoulders to assess their responsiveness. If the patient does not respond, it indicates a serious condition that requires immediate intervention.

This initial assessment step is crucial because it helps determine whether the situation is life-threatening and directs the responder's next actions appropriately. If the patient is unresponsive, the rescuer can then call for help or activate emergency services, as well as proceed with further actions such as checking for breathing and pulse and potentially starting CPR if necessary.

While it is important to call for help, check the pulse, and be ready to begin CPR, the sequence of actions starts with establishing responsiveness. Engaging with the patient first allows for a clearer picture of their condition before moving on to more technical procedures, which may require specific training and immediate action.