What is the most effective measure to prevent the spread of infection?

Correct hand washing is widely recognized as the most effective measure to prevent the spread of infection. Proper hand hygiene removes pathogens that can be transmitted through physical contact and surfaces, which is essential in both healthcare settings and everyday interactions. The technique involves using soap and clean running water, combined with a sufficient duration of scrubbing (at least 20 seconds) to effectively eliminate germs.

Gloves can provide a barrier to protect against infection but are not a substitute for hand hygiene. They can be effective only when used appropriately and changed frequently. If gloves are not used correctly or are worn beyond their intended purpose, they can contribute to the transmission of pathogens.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are a convenient alternative when soap and water are not available, effectively reducing the number of germs on hands. However, they are less effective in the presence of visible soil or certain types of pathogens, such as Clostridium difficile.

Wearing face masks is important for respiratory protection, particularly in situations where aerosolized droplets could be a concern. While masks help minimize the potential spread of respiratory infections, they do not significantly impact the transmission of infections that occur through direct contact or contaminated surfaces.

In summary, while each of these measures plays a role in infection control, correct hand washing is