What is the primary action to take if a patient is in cardiac arrest?

The primary action to take if a patient is in cardiac arrest is to call for help and start CPR. In the case of cardiac arrest, immediate intervention is critical, as the patient has stopped breathing and their heart is no longer pumping blood. Starting CPR promptly helps to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs, including the brain, which is essential for preventing irreversible damage.

Initiating CPR involves chest compressions and, if trained, rescue breaths. These actions are vital in maintaining blood flow and extending the window of opportunity for successful defibrillation and advanced care. Calling for help ensures that additional resources, such as an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) or emergency medical services, are on their way to assist.

Monitoring the patient's airway or positioning them on their side may be relevant in other scenarios, but they are not the immediate priorities during cardiac arrest. Administering medication is also not appropriate at this stage, as the focus should be on providing high-quality chest compressions and calling for professional help.